Planning means the determination what is to be done, how and where is to be done, who is to do it and how the results are to be evaluated. Planning involves selecting of objectives and strategies, policies and programs and procedures for achieving them. Planning function is performed by managers at every level because planning may either be for the entire enterprise or for any section or department thereof.
Planning consists of:
Establishing objectives
Formulating rules and regulations
Developing programs
Scheduling
Budgeting
Organizing
According to Fayol, “to organize a business is to provide it with everything useful to its functioning — raw materials, tools, capital and personnel.” It means identification and grouping the activities to be performed and dividing them among the individuals and creating authority and responsibility relationships among them for the accomplishment of organizational objectives.
Organizing consists of:
Determination of objectives and identification of activities necessary to achieve the objectives
Delegation of authority and relationship among individuals.
Coordination of activities and assignment of duties.
Division of activities into different units or departments.
Staffing
Every enterprise is very much concerned with the quality of its people, especially its managers. The staffing function is concerned with this aspect of management. Human resources management is a process consisting of the acquisition, development, motivation and maintenance of human resources.
Staffing consists of:
Manpower planning to determine the quality and quantity of employees required for the jobs to be done
Recruitment for attracting qualified persons
Selection of best candidate
Placement of the right man for the right job
Training and development to increase new skills, knowledge and competency to do job
Motivation of employees
Evaluation performance of employees
Employees welfare
Directing
Directing involves the manager telling the subordinates how they have to perform jobs assigned to them. It is concerned with guiding, supervising and motivating the subordinates for achieving the enterprise objectives.
Directing consists of:
Supervising the subordinates
Communicating the information
Providing effective leadership
Motivating employees
Controlling
Controlling is the process of monitoring activities to ensure that they are being accomplished as planned and of correcting any significant deviations.